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Colchester is an historic town and the largest settlement within the borough of Colchester in Essex, England. At the time of the census in 2011, it had a population of 121,859,〔(Key Statistics for urban areas in the South East ). 2001 Census, National Statistics. Retrieved on February 11, 2007〕 marking a considerable rise from the previous census and with considerable development since 2001 and ongoing building plans; it has been named as one of Britain's fastest growing towns. As the oldest recorded Roman town in Britain, Colchester is claimed to be the oldest town in Britain. It was for a time the capital of Roman Britain, and is a member of the Most Ancient European Towns Network. Colchester is northeast of London and is connected to the capital by the A12 road and the Great Eastern Main Line. It is seen as a popular town for commuters, and is less than away from Stansted Airport and from the passenger ferry port of Harwich. Colchester is home to Colchester Castle and Colchester United Football Club. It has a Conservative Member of Parliament - Will Quince who was elected in the 2015 General Election. The correct demonym is Colcestrian.〔(Search Results )〕 The River Colne runs through the town. ==Name== It is a widely held belief that the name ''Colchester'' is derived from the Latin words ''Colonia'' (referring to a type of Roman settlement with rights equivalent to those of Roman citizens, one of which was believed to have been founded in the vicinity of Colchester) and ''Castra'', meaning ''fortifications'' (referring to the town's walls, the oldest in Britain).〔Crummy, Philip (1997) City of Victory; the story of Colchester - Britain's first Roman town. Published by Colchester Archaeological Trust (ISBN 1 897719 04 3)〕〔Ashdown-Hill, John (2009). Mediaeval Colchester's Lost Landmarks. Published by The Breedon Books Publishing Company Limited. (ISBN 978-1-85983-686-6)〕 The earliest forms of the name Colchester are ''Colenceaster'' and ''Colneceastre'' from the 10th century, with the modern spelling of ''Colchester'' being found in the 15th century.〔 In this way of interpreting the name, the River Colne which runs through the town takes its name from ''Colonia'' as well.〔 Cologne (German ''Köln'') also gained its name from a similar etymology (from its Roman name Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium).〔 However, academic etymologists are confident that the Colne's name is of Celtic (pre-Roman) origin, sharing its origin with several other rivers Colne or Clun around Britain, and that Colchester is derived from ''Colne'' and ''Castra''. Ekwall went as far as to say "it has often been held that Colchester contains as first element () ''colonia'' ... this derivation is ruled out of court by the fact that Colne is the name of several old villages situated a good many miles from Colchester and on the Colne. The identification of Colonia with Colchester is doubtful."〔Eilert Ekwall (1928). English River-names. Published by Oxford at the Clarendon Press. (ISBN 9780198691198)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Colchester」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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